The efficiency of a solar panel is typically expressed as a percentage, representing how effectively it converts solar irradiation into energy. For example, a solar panel with an efficiency of 20% converts one-fifth of the sunlight it receives into electricity. Standard silicon-based solar panels, which dominate the market today, generally exhibit efficiencies ranging from 15% to 22%. However, advancements in technology continue to push these boundaries, with some leading-edge panels reaching efficiencies above 23%.