

Shaft oil seals typically consist of a flexible sealing lip made from elastomeric materials such as rubber, polyurethane, or silicone, encased in a sturdy outer shell. The sealing lip makes contact with the rotating shaft, creating a barrier that effectively retains lubricants while blocking unwanted particles. The design may include additional features such as garter springs to maintain contact with the shaft and improve sealing effectiveness over time.
While cyanidation has revolutionized the gold extraction process by increasing yield and efficiency, it raises significant environmental concerns. Cyanide is extremely toxic, hazardous to both human beings and wildlife, leading to catastrophic events when accidents occur. There have been numerous instances of cyanide spills in mining operations, resulting in the contamination of water sources, flora, and fauna.