Gate valves are named for their unique design, which features a flat closure element, or “gate,” that can be raised or lowered to control the flow. When the valve is fully open, the gate is completely withdrawn from the flow path, resulting in minimal pressure drop and allowing for unhindered fluid movement. In contrast, when the valve is closed, the gate fits snugly against the valve seat, preventing any flow and effectively isolating sections of the pipeline for maintenance or emergencies.