Once the solids have been removed, the fluid proceeds to the separation stage. This process can occur through various methods, including gravitational settling, coalescence, or cyclone separation. Gravity plays a fundamental role in this phase; different phases of the mixture will stratify based on their densities. For example, water, being denser than oil, will settle at the bottom while gas typically rises to the top.
The operation of a pressure reducing valve is based on a simple but effective principle. PRVs utilize a spring-loaded diaphragm that senses the downstream pressure. When the downstream pressure rises above a preset level, the valve reacts by closing partially or completely, thereby reducing the pressure entering the system. Conversely, if the downstream pressure drops too low, the valve opens more to allow additional fluid flow, maintaining the desired pressure. This feedback mechanism ensures that the system operates efficiently and safely.
